Continuity editing started around the time when D.W.Griffith had a breakthrough with The Birth of a Nation. It is also something which is very popular as it is known as Classical Hollywood, and the classical style of editing ensures that when the filming occurs then the temporal and spatial are being continued. The temporal and space get continued so that the narrative can be advanced also to use the following techniques which are mentioned down below. Furthermore, continuity editing is important because it keeps this realistic order to express the feelings of time moving forward. As well as this it means that flashbacks/forwards can be used as long as it does not break the chronology of proceeding ahead in an expected way.
Eye line Match
Eye-line Match is a technique which enables the audience to experience plus view what the character is looking at, forming a different approach to the film. This different approach happens because film makers can create an effect that the audience can conclude through variety of impressions, such as there is tension between two people so they glare towards one another and look away and carry on with whatever is happening within the storyline. The technique is accomplished by linking two shot together as one. Thus to see the two shots together, as the audience we are able to identify that the character is staring at something but really the character would be staring offscreen. However, the previous shot has been cut to show the actual thing which the character is looking at.
Match on Action
Match on Action is similar to eye line match and shot reverse shot in the sense that all three techniques link two shots together. An example of match on action which normally occurs in films would be walking through the door. Walking through the door would be filmed as one shot starting, and the next shot would be finishing. In addition, this is used in nearly every film as it creates continuity along with a natural movement, even though the same shots are filmed twice by the actor/actress. Lastly, when film makers are recording a match on action scene they will need to be mindful of the fact that due to the shots being filmed twice everything such as the camera and character is in the exact same position each time. If this were not to happen then the shot will not look realistic, also it could be seen disorientated to the audience.
Shot Reverse Shot
Shot Reverse Shot is a technique which involves two or more people having a conversation with each other. Therefore, one shot will be taken of the first character talking then the next shot will reveal the other character speaking, and this is likely to go back and fourth until the conversations has ended. This technique is immensely convenient because it allows the audience to connect with the two characters, but at the same time it gives realisation that they are interacting joining the two clips together.
180 Degree Rule
Finally, this technique is a rule which simply states that the camera should be on either the left or right side but not both. The reason to why the camera should not be on both sides is due to this relationship that needs to be shown between two characters or elements in the same scene. Despite this film makers can decide to actually break the rule by passing over the imaginary axis which is called crossing the line, also if the film maker has taken action of breaking the rule on purpose then the two characters will have swapped positions as well as created confusion to anticipate that something has altered. An example of where the 180 degree rule has been broken is in 'The Shining'.
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